When I meet people and they find out I’m in the fitness business – and they see how old I am 😊 – the topic of weight lifting over 50 often comes up.
And many times they’ll go on to tell me about an exercise routine they’re currently doing, or something they heard about and are considering. And they want to get my opinion on it.
Almost every time, I find out they’re doing way more than they require to get good results. So I tell them ways to make their training more time-efficient.
But more and more lately, I also learn the exercises they’re doing more than just a waste of time – they’re actually outright dangerous.
And I’ve figured out a reason why:
People want to hang on to their youth by performing athletic-type movements in their workouts.
There’s this trend in the fitness industry right now towards “functional”, performance-oriented training, supposedly designed to make you stronger, faster, more explosive, jump higher, whatever.
And many people who start weight lifting over 50 erroneously come to believe that performing these types of exercises in their strength training program will keep them youthful.
Big mistake. You’re going to get hurt, and find out you don’t recover from injuries as well as you did when you were a kid.
Much better to strength train using tried-and-true exercises that are much simpler to perform, much safer, and way more effective, and then go apply that strength and engage in some physical activities that you enjoy.
And lo and behold, you’ve achieved the same goal of feeling youthful and staying a kid at heart – without the injuries.
In this post, we’ll go over 5 exercises that people over 50 should avoid, and what you can do instead to create a weight training program for yourself that is effective, safe, time-efficient, and sustainable.
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What are some common weightlifting mistakes that people make after 50 years old?
Bad/dangerous exercise selection – Any exercise with no way to exit safely at any point during the exercise is a recipe for disaster. Make sure you can get out from under the weights safely at any point.
Momentum-assisted reps – Exercises like kettlebell swings, power cleans, and any version of Olympic weightlifting movements will do more harm than good, and have no place your workout routine. In addition to the astronomically high risk of injury, the fast speed of movement incorporates the force of momentum to lift the weight, taking tension off your muscles and making the exercises less effective.
Orthopedically unfriendly positioning – If you want your shoulders to stay healthy, don’t put anything behind your neck. This includes barbell squats and behind the neck pulldowns or shoulder presses.
Remember – strength training is supposed to help you, not hurt you.
Exercises To Avoid After 50
Any form of an Olympic lift
Olympic lifts are the movements that you see weightlifters perform in the Olympics, called the snatch and the clean and jerk. There are also variations that are done in training, which are basically segments of the full Olympic lifts, with such names as power cleans, push jerks, and others.
These types of lifts are very popular at certain commercial gyms that I won’t mention the name of, but that you’ve probably heard of. They have a big competition named after them which is shown every year on television.
Olympic lifting is a sport, and the Olympic lifts and their variations are what Olympic lifters do to practice their sport. They weren’t meant to be a form of exercise for people who don’t compete in weightlifting, but that’s what has happened.
There are 2 main problems with performing these exercises if you are an an average person engaging in weight lifting over 50 who just wants to be healthy and fit.
First, these lifts are extremely complex athletic skills. It takes years of practice to perfect these skills to the point where you can use meaningful resistance safely. And to do so you need an expert Olympic lifting Coach, not the average personal trainer. Why go through that when you can choose much simpler exercises that you can start benefitting from right away?
The second problem is that these lifts inherently require a lot of momentum to complete. Momentum is very bad for people weight lifting over 50. It can turn a 100 pound weight into 500 pounds of damaging force on your joints. Obviously that is no bueno.
To make the exercise easy on your joints but hard on your muscles, you need to lift the weight through the force of muscular contraction alone, by doing it slowly. This is literally impossible when performing Olympic lifts and their variations.
Kettlebell swings
Swinging a weight with both hands from between your legs to shoulder height provides a ton of resistance at the bottom of the movement, and essentially no resistance at the top. This is the opposite of what you want if your goal is to get stronger and/or build muscle.
Kettlebell swings may look and feel cool to do, but they do virtually nothing to build strength and muscle, and carry a high potential for injury. Not a good use of your precious time.
Barbell squats
When first started working in physical therapy in the mid ’90’s, I had a muscular guy as a patient who had been diagnosed with a rotator cuff strain.
I asked him how he hurt his shoulder, and he said by holding a barbell on his upper back while doing barbell squats.
I suggested he try substituting the leg press to develop his lower body, which would save not only his shoulders but also his knees and low back.
He refused. I asked him why.
His response was “Because I like hearing the plates rattle”. (You can’t make this stuff up folks.)
2 months after we discharged him from therapy, he was back – to rehab his shoulder after rotator cuff surgery.
Needless to say, he didn’t squat, or do any weight lifting exercise, for a long time.
Holding the barbell in place on your back puts your shoulder joints in an extremely vulnerable position, and is a recipe for disaster.
And resting a heavy barbell on your spine is not good for it. You should always be good to your spine.
Don’t end up like the rattling plates guy. Steer clear of barbell squats.
Box jumps
Jumping up on, or over, wooden boxes has literally nothing to do with productive strength training. There is no resistance being applied to the working muscles during 90% of the exercise. This is the case whether you are jumping over a 6 inch box or a 6 foot box, so there’s no progressive overload, which is an absolute requirement for building muscle and strength.
The only thing you’re going to get out of box jumps is an injury. Bottom line: don’t jump on or over anything during your workouts.
Anything called a toss, pass or throw
Any exercise that involves jumping, throwing, swinging, catching or balancing has no place in your routine. You won’t effectively overload the working muscles if you’re focused on these things, and the risk of injury is unacceptable and unnecessary.
How can you stay safe while lifting weights over 50 years old?
- Pick exercises where all you have to worry about is pushing or pulling with your working muscles to a point of muscular failure, without having to worry about losing your balance.
- Make sure you can exit the exercise safely at any time, so you can go all out without worrying about anything falling on you or getting stuck under something.
- Add some “rebuilding” exercises to your workout to directly strengthen any problem areas you may have. These will vary for each individual, and many people neglect these important movements in favor of “big” exercises only.
- Remember: if an exercise looks dangerous, it probably is!
What are the benefits of strength training after 50 years old?
Weight lifting over 50 is less about appearance and more about health and function. Building and maintaining a high level of muscle strength makes all physical activity easier, and allows older people to have the highest possible level of pain-free function.
And the health benefits of weight lifting over 50 are far-reaching:
- Improves glucose metabolism, which is important for combating diabetes;
- Increases resting metabolic rate, which is basically the amount of calories you burn at rest. Muscles are your calorie burning engines, and the bigger and stronger they are, the more calories they need, even when you’re resting, which leaves less calories left over to be stored as fat.
- Reduces pain and discomfort from arthritis;
- Improves bone mineral density, important for those at risk for osteoporosis;
- Has a beneficial effect on self-esteem;
- And here’s an exciting one for use older folks: research shows strength training improves executive cognitive function in seniors, such as improved task performance, enhanced selective attention and conflict resolution. Cognitive impairment and dementia are obviously big health care issues for seniors, and strength training once or twice a week has been shown to combat cognitive decline.
Beginning weight training over 50
There are specific, objective principles that, when included and properly utilized in a strength training workout, will produce immediate, dramatic and continuous results – like increased strength, better mobility, improved body composition, more energy, and more resistance to injuries.
And these results can be achieved with workouts lasting under 45 minutes, performed only once or twice a week, using simple exercises that require no athletic skill and can be done safely at any age.
This combination of principles creates the ideal strength training program for people over 50.
How to get started with strength training over 50
Before starting the actual workout, I recommend people spend a few minutes warming up. This will increase your internal temperature a little and prepare your body for the workout, like warming up a car before driving on a cold day.
You want to make sure your warm-up includes movement in both your upper and lower body. If you have an elliptical machine or air bike available that will do the trick. If you don’t, you can use a bike or treadmill for 3-5 minutes for your lower body, and perform a few simple movements with light dumbbells for your upper body.
Just be sure not to turn your warm-up into a workout of its own – you want to do just enough so that you feel you won’t injure yourself, and save your strength for the actual workout.
For the large superficial muscles I mentioned – these are the ones everyone knows about; the pecs, the biceps, the abs the glutes, etc. – you can cover your full body with 5 different movements:
- A lower body push, such as a leg press exercise, where you are extending or straightening your knees and hips;
- Next is lower body flexion, which can alternate between knee flexion, or bending, such as a leg curl exercise – and plantar flexion of the ankles, which mimics pushing the gas pedal and involves your calf muscles, such as a seated or standing calf raise.
- Third on our list is an upper body push, which would involve straightening the elbows, such as a barbell bench press, chest press machine, or overhead press;
- Then we add an upper body pull, an exercise where we’re bending the elbows, such as a pulldown, row or chin up;
- And the 5th one is a midsection exercise, either trunk flexion for the abdominals, or trunk extension for the low back muscles, on a machine or a specially designed bench.
Now we move on to the smaller deep muscles of the body, such as the rotator cuff muscles of the shoulder, the neck muscles, or the gripping muscles in our hands. I call exercises for these muscle groups Rebuilding exercises. You want to pick exercises for areas of your body that have either been injured in the past, or that you feel are especially vulnerable to injuries in the future. So the exact exercises vary based on each individual’s personal situation, medical history, and available equipment. I usually recommend 3 of these rebuilding exercises per workout, bringing the total number of exercises performed to 8.
After the strength training exercises is a great time to do a little stretching, especially for the shoulders and hips, which tend to lose flexibility as we get older.
Once you get the hang of things, this whole process takes under 45 minutes, and you only need to do it once or twice a week.
Recovery, Nutrition, and Lifestyle Factors
Proper recovery, nutrition, and lifestyle habits are crucial for weight lifters over 50. These factors work together to support muscle growth, reduce injury risk, and enhance overall performance.
Optimizing Recovery and Rest
Rest is essential for muscle repair and growth. Aim for 7-9 hours of sleep nightly to support muscle protein synthesis and recovery. Consider adding rest days between workouts to prevent overtraining.
Incorporate active recovery techniques like light stretching or yoga to improve flexibility and reduce muscle soreness. Ice baths or contrast therapy may help reduce inflammation and speed up recovery.
Consult a physical therapist to develop a personalized recovery plan. They can recommend specific exercises and techniques tailored to your needs.
Essential Nutritional Guidelines for Muscle Growth
Protein intake is crucial for muscle growth. Aim for 1.2-1.6 grams of protein per kilogram of body weight daily. Spread protein consumption evenly throughout the day to maximize muscle protein synthesis.
Stay hydrated by drinking water regularly. Proper hydration supports muscle function and recovery.
Consider supplementing with:
- Vitamin D: 1000-2000 IU daily for bone health and muscle function
- Omega-3 fatty acids: 1-2 grams daily to reduce inflammation
Consult your healthcare provider before starting any new supplements.
Promoting a Healthy Lifestyle Beyond the Gym
Manage stress through meditation, deep breathing exercises, or hobbies. Chronic stress can negatively impact recovery and muscle growth.
Maintain a balanced diet rich in fruits, vegetables, lean proteins, and whole grains. This provides essential nutrients for muscle repair and overall health.
Stay active outside the gym with low-impact activities like walking, swimming, or cycling. These activities improve cardiovascular health and support recovery between weight lifting sessions.
Regular health check-ups are important. Monitor your blood pressure, cholesterol levels, and bone density. These screenings help identify potential health issues early.
Frequently Asked Questions
Weight lifting over 50 requires thoughtful approaches tailored to individual needs and goals. Proper techniques, routines, and considerations can help maximize benefits while minimizing risks.
How often should you engage in weight training after 50 for optimal results?
For optimal results, after 50 you should aim to lift weights 2 times per week. This frequency allows adequate recovery time between sessions. Consistency is key, so choose a schedule you can maintain long-term.
Space your workouts evenly throughout the week. For example, you might lift on Mondays and Thursdays, leaving rest days in between.
Can people over 50 still build significant muscle through weight training?
Yes, you can still build significant muscle after 50 through weight training. Your body retains the ability to gain muscle mass and strength at any age. Weight training, with over 50 million participants, is popular for good reason.
Progressive overload and proper nutrition are crucial. Gradually increase the weight or repetitions to challenge your muscles and promote growth.
What is the best way to start weight lifting for beginners over 50?
Start with bodyweight exercises to build a foundation. This helps you learn proper form and movement patterns before adding external resistance.
Begin with 2 sessions per week, focusing on major muscle groups. Include exercises like squats, push-ups, and assisted pull-ups.
Gradually introduce light weights and resistance bands. Prioritize proper form over lifting heavy weights initially.
Are there specific weight training routines recommended for men over 50?
Focus on compound exercises that work multiple muscle groups simultaneously. These include the leg press, bench press, and rows.
Incorporate exercises that target common problem areas for men over 50, such as the lower back and abdominal muscles. Low back problems can be a concern for weight lifters.
Adjust your routine to accommodate any existing injuries or limitations. Don’t hesitate to modify exercises as needed.
What are effective strength training programs for individuals over 50?
Full body workouts 2 times per week can be highly effective. These target each major muscle group in each session.
Consider a full body routine. This allows you to consolidate muscle groups each workout while providing adequate recovery time.
How should women over 50 adjust their weight lifting routine to gain muscle?
Prioritize progressive overload by gradually increasing weights or repetitions. This challenges your muscles and promotes growth.
Include exercises that target areas women often want to strengthen, such as the upper body and core. Women may face unique barriers in weight lifting, but these can be overcome.
Don’t shy away from heavier weights. Lifting challenging weights is key to building muscle mass and strength.
How often should you lift weights after 50 in order to see results?
Lifting weights every day is a mistake, even if you are training different parts of your body. There is an overall energy drain on your body, and eventually you will get burned out.
Starting out, you should be working out 2 days a week, with a minimum of 2 rest days in between each workout.
You can work out on the same days of the week, every week; or you can work out every third day, whichever day of the week that falls on. You will alternate between two full-body workouts, as described above, preferably with different exercises in each workout.
For example, let’s say you have decided to work out this week on Monday and Thursday.
On Monday, you will perform the “A” workout. When you work out again on Thursday, you will perform the “B” workout.
The next week, you can either: repeat the previous week, doing the A workout on Monday and the B workout on Thursday; or, take 2 days off and go back to the A workout on Sunday, rest 2 days and do the B workout on Wednesday, etc.
You continue along in this fashion, always alternating workouts. Whichever one you did last time, do the other one this time, making sure you had at least 2 rest days in between.
Can you still build muscle after 50?
The physiological processes required to build muscle over 50 is the same as any other age, and for both men and women.
Building muscle mass and strength is definitely possible through proper weight lifting after 50. And, it is one of the most important things we can do to gain and maintain our highest possible level of pain-free function as we get older.
Is lifting weights good after 50?
In fact, properly performed strength training is the closest thing we have to a real-life Fountain of Youth. Strength training, done properly and consistently, will keep you strong and healthy enough to make the most of your later years.
Is 55 too old to start lifting weights?
55 is definitely not too old to start lifting weights. In fact, people over 50 stand to gain the most from strength training. Lifting weights after 50 will keep you strong, healthy and functional. Check with your doctor before starting if you have any medical concerns.
Weight Lifting Over 50: Maximizing Strength and Health in Later Years
Weight lifting over 50 can be a game-changer for your health and fitness. As you age, your body undergoes natural changes that can affect strength and muscle mass. Regular weight lifting can help combat age-related skeletal muscle loss, improve bone density, and enhance overall quality of life for individuals over 50.
Starting a weight lifting routine in your 50s and beyond requires careful consideration of your current fitness level and any health concerns. It’s important to begin slowly and gradually increase intensity as your body adapts. Proper form and technique are crucial to prevent injuries and maximize benefits.
Weight lifting offers numerous advantages for older adults, including increased strength, improved balance, and enhanced metabolism. By incorporating resistance training into your fitness regimen, you can maintain muscle mass and potentially reverse some effects of aging on your body. Remember to consult with a healthcare professional before starting any new exercise program, especially if you have pre-existing medical conditions.
Key Takeaways
- Weight lifting can help combat age-related muscle loss and improve overall health for those over 50.
- Proper form and gradual progression are essential when starting a weight lifting routine in your later years.
- Regular resistance training can enhance strength, balance, and quality of life for older adults.
16 Comments. Leave new
Hi Dave and Patty.
To that toss, pass, or throw list, you can add the infamous “Standing, 2-arm, explosive side twist” from a low pulley cable or “Functional Trainer” machine (a la swinging a baseball bat, golf club, or tennis racquet). I see that venture-to-nowhere (or soon to visit my orthopedist) maneuver often.
Hey Tom, Happy Thanksgiving, yes that’s another big misconception, that by mimicking a sports skill with weights you’ll get better at that skill. In reality the human body doesn’t work that way; strength training is general, sports skills are task specific (as you well know).
Hello Dave
I also suggest not doing any form of the deadlift. It can break your lower back. I don’t see how to do it safely. But if you have any suggestion I take it.
Best regards
Patrick
Hi Patrick, thanks for your comment. I agree, for us over 50’s the deadlift carries too much risk of injury to make it worth any gains you might get from it. I recommend breaking the component movements of the deadlift into 3 different exercises, and working them into your routine: a safe lower body push, like leg press or ball squat; back extension on a machine, swiss ball or 45-degree back extension bench; and shrugs for your traps.
If somebody was hell bent on doing deadlifts, the safest version would be hex bar deadlifts, where the handles are at your sides and raised up, decreasing the range of motion. This allows you to stay in better body mechanics than a traditional barbell deadlift.
Great points. Makes so much sense.
Hi Donnie, thanks for your comments, the key for us older folks is to find ways to make our workouts hard on our muscles, but easy on our joints.
Hi Dave! Another option is to do rack pulls or Romanian deadlifts and even dumbell dead lifts though I’m a big fan of the trapbar or hex bar as you call it!
Hi Branko, thanks for your comment – yes with dumbbell deadlifts you are holding the weight by your sides as with the hex bar, so that facilitates better body mechanics and less pressure on the lumbar discs. With rack pulls you can adjust the range of motion so you’re not bending too far down, which achieves the same thing. Romanian or stiff-leg deadlifts are very technique dependent, so only those who have had specialized training and a lot of experience should be doing those.
The bottom line is doing any form of deadlifts carries a greater risk of injury than other simpler-to-perform exercises that train the same muscles. If you have a ton of experience, and are willing to accept the higher risks, by all means go for it. But nobody has to include deadlifts in their strength training routine if they don’t want to. Your muscles don’t know or care if you’re doing deadlifts, shrugs, leg press, or back extensions; all they know is that they have to adapt to the stimulus if it is intense enough.
Hi Dave,
I turn 61 this May. I have been training and looking after my nutrition since I turned 56. I have made significant changes in that period and learned a lot compared to my start point.
I train at home in my garage , I have free weights and a high cable ( I use for pull downs & triceps) . I have an Olympic bar, bench , rack , some dumbbells.
I prefer training at home .
Do you cover this type of home training or are you wedded to machines in a gym?
My goal is to maintain my muscle mass, keep training and now that I’m retired from 41 years in law enforcement to able to carry on seasonal work around my small holding ( manual work , lifting feed bags , heavy tractor machinery, chainsawing/polesaws/ hay crops etc).
I have reduced frequency of strength training from 4 to 2 days a week ( 5/3/1 Wendler type) and also do a yoga flow class twice a week.
Kind regards
Danny
Hi Danny, congrats on the progress you’ve made! Your consistent training will definitely pay off by keeping you capable of performing your seasonal work effectively, and with a low risk of injury.
I do cover home training in my new Over 50 Home Gym Workout Program. You can learn more about it here.
While it’s true I really like strength training on well-made machines, I know that many people over 50 love training at home, and free weights are generally more practical for home training. As long as you incorporate the proper principles of strength training over 50, you’ll get great results with free weights.
Great job reducing your frequency to twice a week, that will keep your program sustainable and maximize your recovery.
Keep up the great work!
Some time ago I divided things like this. In one workout, I do one exercise each for the horizontal press, bar, triceps, quadriceps, and calf. In the other, vertical pull, vertical push, biceps, hamstrings and abs. Subsequently, I switched them and performed a horizontal push-up with a vertical pull-up in one workout and a vertical push-up with a horizontal pull-up in the other. I think this option is better because bench press and rows are two heavy exercises where you use more weight compared to for example bench press and lat pulldown where you usually use lighter weight. In the other workout, your shoulder press is lighter than the bench press, but the rows are heavier. However, it also depends on what devices are used. And that way you have two different full body workouts.
I didn’t see a recommendation for sets and reps in the article, but it’s still supposed to not need a lot of volume. Maybe something like 2×10-12 or 1×12-15 with a big effort at the end.
Hi Dydo, I see we are on the same page with how to split a full body routine into 2 workouts – your program is very well thought out.
Yes, I recommend 1 set per exercise, medium rep range, with a maximum effort.
Lately I’ve been using more machines, not doing barbell squats and deadlifts, although I haven’t had any problems with them. But when you are that age and have certain diseases, the risk is unjustified. The opinion is constantly expressed that when performed correctly, these exercises are safe and beneficial. But the probability that sometimes the implementation is incorrect is very high. Because of this, I only use the barbell for bench press (including incline/) and shoulder press from a seated position with a backrest. For some other things dumbbells and for back only machines and sometimes I do chin ups but I don’t overdo it because I’m overweight and feel tension in my forearms and around my elbows. You are right to advise that first and foremost for people our age it is most important to exercise safely and be able to stop exercise at any time without risk.
Maybe heavy exercise has more benefits, but it won’t be much more, and the risk isn’t worth it.
Right on Dydo, always draw the line at safety. At this point most of us are not trying to win a powerlifting contest – the goal is to sustain a high level of fitness to enjoy a full life for as long as possible.
I am 54 years old and lift weights M-W-F and walk a 5K T-Th-Sa. I do the same weight rotation on the weight days and I have noticed I can do that for a month or so and then I end up straining my shoulder on the dumbbell bench press using the 50 lbs ones. Am I not giving myself enough recovery time? Should I only use machines for chest? This is really frustrating. Any suggestions?
Hi Will, I do have a couple suggestions:
– Lift weights 2 days a week, on Monday and Friday. I can almost guarantee your weights on every exercise will go up with the extra recovery time. That alone might alleviate your shoulder issue, but if not –
– It sounds like you have access to some chest press machines, I would definitely try those and see if your shoulder feels better.
– On the dumbbell bench press, keep your palms facing each other to bring your elbows in a little. Having your elbows way out, the way they look on a barbell bench press, is the worst possible thing for your shoulder joints.
– Try putting the bench on an incline, so your elbows don’t go as far back in the bottom position.
Hope that helps – good luck!